On the coastal plains of North Carolina, the main industries are Agriculture and defense. Cities across the Southeast are experiencing more and longer summer heat waves. Newman, S., M. Carroll, P. Jakes, and L. Higgins, 2014: Hurricanes and wildfires: Generic characteristics of community adaptive capacity. These plants grow in moist forest understory areas that are sensitive to temperature and soil moisture.266. U.S. Census Bureau, . 3: Water, KM 2).. Water utilities across the Southeast are preparing for these impacts. The impacts from these changes are becoming visible as 1) flooding increases stress on infrastructure, ecosystems, and populations; 2) warming temperatures affect human health and bring about temporal and geographic shifts in the natural environment and landscapes; and 3) wildfires and growing wildfire risk create challenges for natural resource managers and impacted communities. Coastal communities in the Southeast are already experiencing impacts from higher temperatures, sea level rise, increased flooding, and extreme weather events.69,70,71,72 Several communities in the United States are already discussing the complexities of relocation; most are tribal and Indigenous communities.73 Some have chosen to stay in their homelands, while others have few options but to relocate (Ch. Emanuel, K., 2017: Will global warming make hurricane forecasting more difficult? Means, J. Costanza, and R. K. Peet, 2015: How global biodiversity hotspots may go unrecognized: Lessons from the North American Coastal Plain. The family-bound harvesting techniques are equally as important and make up part of the deeply held tribal lifeways >(Ch. This was the seventh highest tide ever recorded in Charleston Harbor and the highest since Hurricane Hugo in 1989. By the end of the century under a higher scenario (RCP8.5), projections indicate approximately double the number of heavy rainfall events (2-day precipitation events with a 5-year return period) and a 21% increase in the amount of rain falling on the heaviest precipitation days (days with a 20-year return period).19,81 These projected increases would directly affect the vulnerability of the Southeasts coastal and low-lying areas. On the coastal plains of North Carolina, the main industries are Agriculture and defense. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 76 pp. For example, shrimping, oystering, and fishing along the coast are long-standing traditions in the coastal economy that are expected to face substantial challenges. NOAA National Weather Service, Silver Spring, MD, various pp. Increased access to high-quality education and workforce development programs can strengthen the labor force. Kirkman, L. K., R. J. Mitchell, R. C. Helton, and M. B. Virgina Products and industries A regions uniqueness is based on the availability and productive use of essential assets for production, such as land, labor, and capital. McNeill, R., D. J. Nelson, and D. Wilson, 2014: Water's edge: The crisis of rising sea levels. ), high consensus, Moderate evidence (several sources, some consistency, methods vary and/or documentation limited, etc. A. Sweet, W. V., and J. The city has responded by making physical modifications, developing a more robust disaster response plan, and improving planning and monitoring prior to flood events. USGS Professional Paper 1815. This includes impacts on infrastructure41,42,43,291,292,293 and human health.30,31,38,294 Increases in climate-related impacts have already been observed in some Southeast metropolitan areas (e.g., Habeeb et al. High temperatures, increases in accumulated plant material on the forest floor, and a four-month seasonal drought in the fall of 2016 collectively produced the worst wildfires the region has seen in a century. He needs a bigger boat to productively use that additional labor. Migration patterns the movement of people from one place to another are one indicator of the economic health of rural areas. Many in rural communities are maintaining connections to traditional livelihoods and relying on natural resources that are inherently vulnerable to climate change. 7: Ecosystems, Figure 7.4).179 Some problematic invasive species are expected to be favored by changing winters. If he adds one additional crew member, he wont increase his landings. Doney, S. C., M. Ruckelshaus, J. E. Duffy, J. P. Barry, F. Chan, C. A. English, H. M. Galindo, J. M. Grebmeier, A.

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